Versus the arid and uninhabited desert that surrounds the area, the oasis in the Jerid country, revealed through medieval and modern historical sources as a green island well populated and highly occupied by palm trees and supplied with water springs. So that, the forest functions were numerous, it played a primordial role in this region. Through its various agricultural products, it was the main economic resource for the dwellers of the Jerid country. Dates were oriented to exportation to all countries, rather than other products, such as olives, citrus fruits and grapes were locally consumed. Therefore, the gardens and rivers were used by the inhabitants as a space for to walk and leisure. Water has occupied an important element in this oasian landscape and the forest has taken advantage of the springs abundance to ensure a fertility that has been perpetuated from the Middle Ages to modern epoch. This forest was irrigated using a meticulous and rigorous system which was of great interest to guarantee the rights of the beneficiaries and to avoid any disputes that may arise between them. In these oasian cores, the settlement is strongly linked to the forest. Thus, the cities were surrounded by a belt of palm trees which reinforced their protection and offered them a microclimate. The existence of this forest and the importance of its economic role were the guarantors of the continuity of the settlement and its sustainability in these boundary centers located at the edge of the desert.